diff --git a/src/libraries/System.Private.CoreLib/src/System/IO/MemoryStream.cs b/src/libraries/System.Private.CoreLib/src/System/IO/MemoryStream.cs
index 53f717dfe80a4e..8e4a72439b53dd 100644
--- a/src/libraries/System.Private.CoreLib/src/System/IO/MemoryStream.cs
+++ b/src/libraries/System.Private.CoreLib/src/System/IO/MemoryStream.cs
@@ -263,6 +263,8 @@ public virtual int Capacity
                 // Special behavior if the MS isn't expandable: we don't throw if value is the same as the current capacity
                 if (value < Length)
                     throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(value), SR.ArgumentOutOfRange_SmallCapacity);
+                if (value > MemStreamMaxLength)
+                    throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(value), SR.ArgumentOutOfRange_Capacity);
 
                 EnsureNotClosed();